Thin films Electrode material Microdevice Ionogels Crystal structure Ionogel Pseudocapacitance Electrical conductivity Grafting Capacitance Negative electrode Perovskite Manganese dioxide Degradation Batteries - Li-ion Electrochemical capacitor Transition metals Li-ion battery MAS NMR Energy storage Cycling stability Fe Exsolution Cycle performance Organic battery Lithium ion battery Supercapacitor CVD Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy MXenes Nickel oxide Operando Chemical vapor deposition Current collector Ionic liquid electrolytes Electrochemical performance Graphene Magnetron sputtering Plasma Lithium-ion battery Batteries Electrodes Failure mechanism Impedance spectroscopy Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy DFT calculations Electrochemistry Sputtering Ionic conductivity Lithium battery Interface DFT Photovoltaics Supercapacitors Micro-supercapacitors Lithium ion batteries Fuel cell Diazonium GGA+U Intercalation Aqueous electrolyte Anode Anodes Organic batteries Electrochemical Capacitor Positive electrode SOFC Activated carbon Ionic liquid XPS CO2 electrolysis Fermi contact Electrolyte FIB/SEM Mercury Li-ion batteries Lithium batteries Micro-supercapacitor Silicon Electrochemical capacitors Electrolytes Graphite FeWO 4 Coating Cyclic voltammetry Vanadium nitride Binder NMR Organic electrode materials Lithium-ion batteries Diazonium chemistry Electrode Diazonium salts Microstructure EIS Microbatteries MnO2 LiFePO4 Electrochemical electrodes Titanium nitride