Image classification methods based on histogram analysis generally require to use relevant distances for histogram comparison. In this article, we propose a new distance devoted to compare histograms associated to semantic concepts linked by (dis)similarity correlations. This distance, whose computation relies on a hierarchical strategy, captures the multilevel semantic relations between these concepts. It also inherits from the low complexity properties of standard bin-to-bin distances, thus leading to fast and accurate results in the context of multiresolution image classification. Experiments performed on satellite images emphasize the relevance and usefulness of the proposed distance.