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Journal Articles European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Year : 2022

Capnocytophaga zoonotic infections: a 10-year retrospective study (the French CANCAN study)

Tristan Diedrich
  • Function : Author
Caroline Piau
  • Function : Author
Eric Farfour
Lucas Bonzon
  • Function : Author
Cécile Le Brun
  • Function : Author
Violaine Walewski
  • Function : Author
Emmanuelle Bille
  • Function : Author
Laurent Dortet
Nathalie Soismier
  • Function : Author
Ronan Le Guen
  • Function : Author
Philippe Morand
  • Function : Author
Gauthier Péan de Ponfilly
  • Function : Author

Abstract

Zoonotic species of Capnocytophaga genus belong to the oral microbiota of dogs and cats. They may be responsible for serious human infections, mainly after animal bites, with a high mortality rate. In France, only few cases have been reported and no multicenter study has been conducted. Our aim was to describe the French epidemiology of Capnocytophaga zoonosis. We conducted a multicenter (21 centers) retrospective non-interventional, observational study in France describing the epidemiology of Capnocytophaga zoonosis (C. canimorsus, C. cynodegmi, C. canis) over 10 years with regard to clinical and bacteriological data. From 2009 to 2018, 44 cases of Capnocytophaga zoonotic infections were described (C. canimorsus, n = 41; C. cynodegmi, n = 3). We observed an increase (2.5 times) in the number of cases over the study period (from the first to the last 5 years of the study). The most frequent clinical presentations were sepsis (n = 37), skin and soft tissue infections (n = 12), meningitis (n = 8), osteoarticular infections (n = 6), and endocarditis (n = 2). About one-third of patients with sepsis went into septic shock. Mortality rate was 11%. Mortality and meningitis rates were significantly higher for alcoholic patients (p = 0.044 and p = 0.006, respectively). Other comorbidities included smoking, splenectomy, diabetes mellitus, and immunosuppressive therapy are associated to zoonotic Capnocytophaga infection. Eighty-two percent of cases involved contact with dogs, mostly included bites (63%). Despite all isolates were susceptible to the amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination, three of them were resistant to amoxicillin.
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Dates and versions

hal-03624206 , version 1 (30-03-2022)

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Clémence Beauruelle, Chloé Plouzeau, Antoine Grillon, Christophe Isnard, Stéphane Corvec, et al.. Capnocytophaga zoonotic infections: a 10-year retrospective study (the French CANCAN study). European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2022, 41 (4), pp 581-588. ⟨10.1007/s10096-022-04402-x⟩. ⟨hal-03624206⟩
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